KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM DEBAT GUBERNUR DAN WAKIL GUBERNUR ACEH TAHUN 2024 (KAJIAN MAKSIM MENURUT GEOFFREY LEECH)

Junaidi Junaidi Zulkifli, Eliana Eli Eliana A Bakar, Muhammad Darwis Darwis

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Political debates played a crucial role in the 2024 Aceh Governor and Deputy Governor Election. The language used in these debates was heavily influenced by the nature of the discussions, especially in efforts to maintain a conducive and respectful atmosphere. Politeness served as a key element in fostering productive communication. This study focused on the application of Geoffrey Leech's maxims of politeness, aiming to analyze how these principles were reflected in the context of political debates. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing a literature review method based on Leech’s politeness theory. The data were obtained from various sources related to the use of politeness in debate settings. The 2024 Aceh Governor and Deputy Governor debates show how effective communication can shape the public's perception of leadership. When candidates avoid unproductive verbal conflicts, the quality of the discussion improves significantly. Key principles like the maxims of respect and tact help create a more positive and focused debate atmosphere. They reduce the chance of personal attacks and keep the conversation centered on important issues. Using polite and thoughtful language not only enhances the candidates' public image, but also reflects their integrity and professionalism—qualities that are essential for ethical leadership.

Keywords: Political Debate, Politeness, Politeness Maxim, Geoffrey Leech, Aceh Governor Election 2024.

Keywords

Kesantunan Berbahasa

References

REFERENSI

Arief Darmawan. n.d. “Tindak Tutur Pemimpin Dalam Perspektif Maksim Kesopanan Leech.” Retrieved August 2, 2025. https://scispace.com/papers/tindak-tutur-pemimpin-dalam-perspektif-maksim-kesopanan-f6ymcfqc7wmi.

Bethany Albertson. 2020. “The Emotional Aspects of Political Persuasion.” https://scispace.com/papers/the-emotional-aspects-of-political-persuasion-3pjdl9mnoy.

Christian Kock. 2017. “Dialectical Obligations in Political Debate.” Windsor Studies in Argumentation. https://scispace.com/papers/dialectical-obligations-in-political-debate-524jul7c7g.

Christina Mölders. 2017. “Some Like It Hot: How Voters’ Attitude Towards Disrespect in Politics Affects Their Judgments of Candidates.” Journal of Social and Political Psychology 5(1):58–81. doi:10.5964/JSPP.V5I1.633.

Ely Fauziyah. n.d. “Tatbiqu Mabadi’ al-Kiyasah Fi Filem Alladin ‘ala Asasi Nadhoriyati Geoffrey Neil Leech.” Retrieved August 2, 2025. https://scispace.com/papers/tatbiqu-mabadi-al-kiyasah-fi-filem-alladin-ala-asasi-orow1y5lk5yw.

Emy Lusiana Rahma. 2024. “Analisis Prinsip Kesopanan Pada Film Justice High Model Geoffrey Leech.” https://scispace.com/papers/analisis-prinsip-kesopanan-pada-film-justice-high-model-1zc0vmg6ec.

García Pastor. 2006. “A Socio-Cognitive Approach To Political Interaction: An Analysis of Candidates Discourses in U.S. Political Campaign Debates.” Universitat de València. https://scispace.com/papers/a-socio-cognitive-approach-to-political-interaction-an-121041t8zn.

Hanaa Ali Alqahtani. 2019. “Impact of Use of Language on Audience’s Perception: A Qualitative Analysis of Speeches by Hillary Clinton.” International Journal of English Linguistics 9(3):293. doi:10.5539/IJEL.V9N3P293.

Heliomar Cavatti Sobrinho. 2012. “A Linguagem, o Texto e o Documento No Contexto Da Ciência Da Informação.” https://scispace.com/papers/a-linguagem-o-texto-e-o-documento-no-contexto-da-ciencia-da-45odvjnknb.

Le Huu Loc. 2023. “THE PRAGMATICS OF POLITENESS, Author: Geoffrey Leech.” T?p Chí Nghiên C?u N??c Ngoài 39(2):175–80. doi:10.63023/2525-2445/jfs.ulis.5001.

Leech, Geoffrey N. 2016. Principles of Pragmatics. Routledge.

P. J. de Bruyn. 1995. “Skriftuurlike Grondslae Vir Die Gereformeerde Teologiese Etiek.” AOSIS. https://scispace.com/papers/skriftuurlike-grondslae-vir-die-gereformeerde-teologiese-13tum09k24.

S. Pinto. 2024. “Wisdom: Knowledge, Practical Experience and Judgment.” https://scispace.com/papers/wisdom-knowledge-practical-experience and-judgment-1f3xrsqf8vfj.

Salma Nur Istiqomah. 2024. “Implikasi Deiksis Persona Ayat Al-Qur’an Kisah Nabi Nuh AS Terhadap Prinsip Kesantunan Perspektif Geoffrey Leech.” Journal of Education Research 5(4):6705–19. doi:10.37985/jer.v5i4.2127.

Sarah Glover. 2008. “Learning Respect: Showing and Earning Esteem Is Crucial for Leaders.” Leadership in Action 28(4):3–7. doi:10.1002/LIA.1254.

Silke Eschert, 2019. “Respect and Political Disagreement: Can Intergroup Respect Reduce the Biased Evaluation of Outgroup Arguments?” PLOS ONE 14(3). doi:10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0211556.

Sintya Anggraini,. 2025. “Maksim-Maksim Kesantunan Berbahasa Dalam Interaksi Sosial Siswa Kelas Viii Smp Negeri 21 Kota Bengkulu Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024.” Lateralisasi : Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia 13(02):205–16. doi:10.36085/lateralisasi.v13i02.7603.

Sukardi Sukardi. 2024. “Politeness Strategy in The 2024 Presidential Candidate Debate.” Interference 5(2):111–111.

Wulandari, Cinta Invia, Rini Afrilesa, and Vera Magria. 2022. “Exploring Discursive Strategies to Represent Power In The 2020 Final Presidential Debate between Donald J. Trump and Joe Biden: A Political Discourse Analysis.” Krinok: Jurnal Linguistik Budaya 6(1):1–13.

Yoseph Fileks Gerado Daniel,. 2020. “Kesantunan Berbahasa Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia: Prinsip Kesantunan Geoffrey Leech.”

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47647/jsr.v15i2.3403