Strategi Adaptasi Umkm Dalam Menghadapi Banjir: Analisis Berdasarkan Sustainable Livelihood Framework Di Kuningan Barat, Jakarta Selatan

Dilan Fathur Rahman, Nauval Octa Ramadhan, Azriel Falah Kurniawan, Muhammad Ghiyats Afriansyah, Bagus Noviyanto, Fathin Aulia Rahman

Abstrak


Banjir merupakan salah satu bencana hidrometeorologi yang paling sering terjadi di wilayah perkotaan dan memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap aktivitas ekonomi masyarakat, termasuk Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). UMKM sebagai sektor ekonomi yang bergantung pada aktivitas operasional harian memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap gangguan usaha akibat banjir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi adaptasi UMKM dalam menghadapi banjir di Kuningan Barat, Jakarta Selatan menggunakan pendekatan Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF). Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan teknik survei lapangan terhadap 22 pelaku UMKM. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner, observasi lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan lima modal penghidupan yaitu human capital, natural capital, physical capital, financial capital, dan social capital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sektor kuliner merupakan jenis usaha yang paling dominan dengan persentase 56,5%. Sebanyak 73,9% responden mengalami banjir sebanyak 1–2 kali dalam satu tahun, sedangkan 21,7% mengalami banjir sebanyak 3–5 kali dalam satu tahun. Pelaku UMKM telah menerapkan berbagai strategi adaptasi berupa perlindungan aset usaha, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, penyediaan dana cadangan, modifikasi fasilitas usaha, serta penguatan hubungan sosial dengan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan adaptasi UMKM dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi modal manusia, modal alam, modal fisik, modal finansial, dan modal sosial.

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.47647/jsh.v9i1.4163

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